Today in Military History June 23

June 23  1266   War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships.

June 23  1280   The Battle of Moclín takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada. The battle resulted in a Granadian victory.

June 23 1314   First War of Scottish Independence: The Battle of Bannockburn (south of Stirling) begins.

June 23 1594   The Action of Faial, Azores. The Portuguese carrack Cinco Chagas, loaded with slaves and treasure, is attacked and sunk by English ships with only 13 survivors out of over 700 on board

June 23 1757   Battle of Plassey: Three thousand British troops under Robert Clive defeat a 50,000-strong Indian army under Siraj ud-Daulah at Plassey.

June 23 1758   Seven Years' War: Battle of Krefeld: Allied (British, Hanoverian, and Prussian) forces defeat French troops at Krefeld in Germany.

June 23 1760   Seven Years' War: Battle of Landeshut: Austria defeats Prussia.

June 23 1780   American Revolution: Battle of Springfield fought in and around Springfield, New Jersey (including Short Hills, formerly of Springfield, now of Millburn Township).

June 23 1865   American Civil War: At Fort Towson in the Oklahoma Territory, Confederate, Brigadier General Stand Watie surrenders the last significant Confederate army.

June 23 1913   Second Balkan War: The Greeks defeat the Bulgarians in the Battle of Doiran.

June 23 1914   Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa takes Zacatecas from Victoriano Huerta.

June 23 1919  Estonian War of Independence: The decisive defeat of the Baltische Landeswehr in the Battle of Cēsis; this date is celebrated as Victory Day in Estonia.

June 23 1942  World War II: Germany's latest fighter aircraft, a Focke-Wulf Fw 190, is captured intact when it mistakenly lands at RAF Pembrey in Wales.